Encountering the Windows Error Code ERROR_51 can be frustrating, especially when it disrupts your workflow or gaming experience. This error typically relates to network issues, often indicating that a device or resource is not ready or accessible. Don’t worry — with a little patience and some straightforward steps, you can fix this problem and get your system running smoothly again.
In this comprehensive, easy-to-follow guide, I’ll walk you through every step to troubleshoot and resolve ERROR_51. Whether you’re a tech novice or a seasoned pro, you’ll find helpful tips that make fixing this issue less daunting.
What is Windows Error Code ERROR_51?
Before diving into solutions, let’s understand what ERROR_51 means.
- Error Message: "The network location cannot be reached. For information about network troubleshooting, see Windows Help."
- Error Code: 51
- Cause: Generally, this error pops up when Windows cannot connect to a network share or resource because it is not ready, unreachable, or your system’s network components aren’t working correctly.
Common Causes of ERROR_51
- Network cable unplugged or malfunctioning network hardware
- Improper network settings or timeout issues
- Disabled or malfunctioning network adapter
- Firewall or antivirus blocking network resources
- Corrupted network drivers
- Issues with Windows Network Discovery settings
Step-by-Step Guide to Fix Windows Error Code ERROR_51
Step 1: Check Physical Network Connections
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Verify Your Cable/Router:
- Ensure your Ethernet cable is securely plugged into your computer and router.
- If you use Wi-Fi, check that your device is connected to the correct network.
- Restart Network Devices:
- Power off your router/modem.
- Wait 30 seconds and power it back on.
- Restart your computer once more.
A quick reboot often resolves minor glitches affecting network connectivity.
Step 2: Run Network Troubleshooter
Windows includes built-in troubleshooters that automatically detect and fix network problems.
- Open Settings > Network & Internet.
- Scroll down and click Network Troubleshooter.
- Follow the prompts to let Windows diagnose and repair issues.
This automated method saves time and often resolves simple issues behind ERROR_51.
Step 3: Restart the Network Adapter
Sometimes the network adapter itself needs a fresh restart.
- Press Windows + X and select Device Manager.
- Expand Network adapters.
- Right-click your active network adapter and choose Disable.
- Wait a few seconds, then right-click it again and select Enable.
This resets the hardware and often clears connectivity issues.
Step 4: Update Network Drivers
Outdated or corrupted drivers are a common culprit.
- In Device Manager, right-click your network adapter.
- Select Update driver.
- Choose Search automatically for updated driver software.
- Follow the on-screen instructions to install any available updates.
- Restart your computer.
Keeping drivers updated can resolve compatibility issues causing ERROR_51.
Step 5: Check Windows Firewall and Antivirus Settings
Sometimes security software blocks network access.
-
Temporarily disable your firewall:
- Go to Control Panel > System and Security > Windows Defender Firewall.
- Choose Turn Windows Defender Firewall on or off.
- Turn it off temporarily and check if the error persists.
- If you have third-party antivirus or firewall software, disable it temporarily.
- If disabling helps, adjust your firewall or antivirus settings to allow your network resources.
Pro tip: Remember to re-enable your firewall after testing to keep your system protected.
Step 6: Verify Network Discovery Settings
Network discovery needs to be turned ON for devices to be found on the network.
- Open Control Panel > Network and Sharing Center.
- Click Change advanced sharing settings.
- Expand your active profile (Private or Public).
- Under Network discovery, ensure Turn on network discovery is selected.
- Also, enable File and printer sharing.
- Save changes and restart your PC.
Step 7: Reset TCP/IP Stack and Winsock
Resetting these network components can fix deeper network communication problems.
- Type cmd in the Windows search bar, right-click Command Prompt, and select Run as administrator.
-
In the Command Prompt window, execute these commands one by one, pressing Enter after each:
netsh winsock reset
netsh int ip reset
ipconfig /release
ipconfig /renew
ipconfig /flushdns - Restart your computer.
These commands reset your network settings to default, clearing issues causing ERROR_51.
Step 8: Ensure Relevant Services Are Running
Certain Windows services must be active.
- Press Windows + R, type services.msc, and press Enter.
- Find these services and make sure they’re Running:
- Workstation
- Server
- TCP/IP NetBIOS Helper
- If stopped, right-click the service and select Start.
- Set the Startup type to Automatic for these services to run on boot.
Step 9: Check Network Credentials and Permissions
If connecting to a network share or resource, confirm:
- You have proper credentials (username and password).
- The remote resource is online and accessible.
- You have enough permissions to access the resource.
Sometimes resetting your password or re-mapping the network drive with updated credentials fixes the issue.
When All Else Fails: System Restore or Network Reset
If none of the above works, you can:
- Perform a System Restore to a point before the error started.
- Reset your Network settings:
Go to Settings > Network & Internet > Status > Network reset.
This removes and reinstalls all network adapters, reverting settings to default.
Final Thoughts
Windows Error Code ERROR_51 can seem intimidating, but most causes boil down to connectivity or configuration issues. A methodical approach—checking cables, running troubleshooters, updating drivers, and verifying settings—generally resolves the problem.
Remember, troubleshooting is part science and part patience. Follow these steps carefully, and you’ll regain smooth network functionality in no time. If you’re still stuck, it might be worth consulting a professional technician.
Did You Find This Guide Helpful?
If this tutorial helped fix your Windows Error Code ERROR_51, please share it with your friends or leave a comment below! Your feedback keeps us motivated to create more helpful guides.
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Stay calm, follow these steps, and your network woes will soon be a thing of the past. Happy computing!
