Windows System Error Code ERROR_381, also known as “The device driver service is invalid”, is a frustrating issue that can disrupt your workflow and affect the performance of your computer’s hardware devices. This error typically pops up when there is a problem with a device driver service, preventing Windows from correctly recognizing or managing a hardware device. But don’t worry—this guide will walk you through the most effective steps to resolve ERROR_381 swiftly and safely.
What Is Windows System Error Code ERROR_381?
Before diving into the fix, it’s important to understand this error:
- Error Code: 381
- Error Message: The device driver service is invalid.
- Common Causes:
- Corrupted or outdated device drivers
- Conflicts between device drivers
- Missing or corrupted system files
- Issues with Windows updates or upgrades
This error often occurs when trying to use external hardware like printers, USB devices, or graphics cards, among others.
Step-by-Step Guide to Fix ERROR_381
Step 1: Restart Your Computer
Sometimes, the simplest fix is the most effective. Restarting can clear temporary glitches in your system and reload the device drivers properly.
- Save any important work.
- Click Start > Power > Restart.
- After reboot, check if ERROR_381 has been resolved.
Step 2: Run the Hardware and Devices Troubleshooter
Windows includes a built-in troubleshooter for hardware problems that can automatically detect and fix issues.
- Press Windows + R to open the Run dialog.
- Type
msdt.exe -id DeviceDiagnosticand press Enter. - Follow the on-screen instructions to scan for hardware issues.
- Restart your machine if prompted.
Step 3: Update Device Drivers Manually
Outdated or corrupted drivers are one of the main reasons for ERROR_381.
- Press Windows + X and select Device Manager.
- Find the device with the error (it might have a yellow exclamation mark).
- Right-click the device and choose Update driver.
- Select Search automatically for updated driver software.
- Follow prompts and install any available updates.
- Restart your PC and check if the problem is fixed.
Step 4: Reinstall the Problematic Device Driver
If updating doesn’t work, reinstalling the driver can refresh the driver files and fix conflicts.
- Open Device Manager again.
- Right-click the problematic device and select Uninstall device.
- Confirm the uninstallation.
- After uninstalling, restart your PC.
- Windows will try to reinstall the driver automatically.
If Windows doesn’t reinstall the driver:
- Visit the manufacturer’s official website.
- Download the latest compatible driver.
- Install it manually and restart your computer.
Step 5: Check for Windows Updates
Since device drivers and system files are often updated via Windows Update, ensuring your system is current can help.
- Go to Settings > Update & Security > Windows Update.
- Click Check for updates.
- Install all available updates.
- Restart your PC after installation completes.
Step 6: Use System File Checker (SFC) and DISM Tools
System corruption can prevent drivers from working properly.
- Press Windows + S, type
cmd, right-click Command Prompt and select Run as administrator. - Type
sfc /scannowand press Enter. - Wait for the scan to complete—it will repair any corrupted system files.
- After SFC, run the Deployment Image Servicing and Management tool:
- Type
DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealthand press Enter.
- Type
- Restart your computer and check for error resolution.
Step 7: Perform a System Restore (If Necessary)
If ERROR_381 started occurring after a recent change, restoring your system to an earlier point might help.
- Press Windows + R, type
rstrui, and press Enter. - Choose a restore point before the error appeared.
- Follow instructions to restore your system.
Note: System Restore will not affect your personal files but will remove installed apps and updates after the restore point.
Tips to Prevent ERROR_381 in the Future
- Regularly update your Windows OS and drivers.
- Avoid downloading drivers from unofficial sources.
- Use reliable antivirus software to reduce system corruption risks.
- Create regular system restore points to roll back changes if needed.
Conclusion
Facing Windows System Error Code ERROR_381 can be irritating, but by methodically following these steps, you can resolve the issue efficiently. Whether it’s a driver update, system repair, or deeper troubleshooting, you now have a clear roadmap to get your devices running smoothly again.
If you ever feel stuck or uncertain, don’t hesitate to seek help from a professional technician or Microsoft support. Your computer’s health is worth the attention!
Did this guide help solve your ERROR_381 issue? Let us know in the comments below or share your own troubleshooting tips!
Optimize your Windows experience by keeping your system and drivers up to date—staying proactive is key to avoiding errors like ERROR_381.
